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What to Do About Numbered Device Manager Errors
See Microsoft's Article

Code 10 This device is either not present, not working properly, or does not have all the drivers installed.

Code 19 Your registry might be corrupted.

Code 31 The device is not working properly because Windows cannot load the drivers required for this device

Code 32 (or Code 31) A driver for this device was not required, and has been disabled

Code 39 Windows cannot load the device driver for this hardware. The driver may be corrupted or missing.

Code 41 Windows successfully loaded the device driver for this hardware but cannot find the hardware device.

These error codes are usually resolved by uninstalling the upper and lower filters. Third party burning software will need to be reinstalled.

The program XP_CD-DVD-Fix.exe based on the registry file CDGONE.reg, accomplishes the filters deleting mentioned above along with removing a few other less important registry keys.

It's also possible there are subkeys which contain the upper and lower filters. See this article about deleting them. This is less common.

You may also receive these errors because you installed a new CD/DVD drive and both drives are set to Master or Slave, or both are set to Cable Select but you are using an old conventional drive cable, not made for Cable Select drives.

Another strong possibility is the Sony Rootkit has been installed. Uninstall it.

If ITunes is installed on your machine, uninstall it. If you desire keep ITunes, remove the lower filter and set or create the upper filter to the value of "GEARAspiWDM" without the quotes. You need to add a return after the string. This is important. Please see Apple's article on the subject for more info.

If after installing ITunes or Norton Ghost, you get Device Manager error code, try locating the Audio File System (AFS) driver from Oak Technologies at C:\Windows\System32\Drivers\afs.sys or doing a search for it. Rename it afs.sys.txt and reboot.

This driver is incompatible with the driver found in ITunes and Norton Ghost. After renaming the driver file you will lose access to the CD burning feature of of the following: HP Memories Disc Creator, Liquid Audio Portal Player, Oak Technology SimpliCD, or Broderbund's Print Shop version 20. For more information, see the article here.

The C:\Windows\INF\cdrom.inf file is the script Windows uses to reinstall it's CD/DVD drive drivers. When you uninstall an optical drive or IDE channel and rescan for hardware changes, Windows uses this script to recreate the registry settings and point the drive to the proper drivers. This file can become corrupt. You can replace the XP SP2 or SP3 file (they are identical) with this one or the Vista SP 1 version with this one.

If one right clicks on any CD or DVD drive in Device manager and chooses Properties and then Driver tab, you will see five or so files listed. If any of these are corrupted, presumably they will give Device Manager errors. One can discover whether any is corrupt by opening a command prompt and typing the command "sfc /scannow" without the quotes. If one discovers a corrupt driver file with this method it may be difficult to find a method to find the uncorrupt file for an update as the SFC command may ask for, for instance a Windows XP SP3 install CD, a very rare bird indeed. There ay be other methods to provide the correct file but they are unclear to me at the moment.

Code 10	This device is either not present, not working properly, or does not have all the drivers installed.
Code 19	Your registry might be corrupted.
Code 31	The device is not working properly because Windows cannot load the drivers required for this device
Code 32 (or Code 31)	A driver for this device was not required, and has been disabled
Code 39	Windows cannot load the device driver for this hardware. The driver may be corrupted or missing.
Code 41	Windows successfully loaded the device driver for this hardware but cannot find the hardware device.
These error codes are usually resolved by uninstalling the upper and lower filters. Third party burning software will need to be reinstalled. The program XP_CD-DVD-Fix.exe based on the registry file CDGONE.reg, accomplishes the filters deleting mentioned above along with removing a few other less important registry keys. It's also possible there are subkeys which contain the upper and lower filters. See this article about deleting them. This is less common. You may also receive these errors because you installed a new CD/DVD drive and both drives are set to Master or Slave, or both are set to Cable Select but you are using an old conventional drive cable, not made for Cable Select drives. Another strong possibility is the Sony Rootkit has been installed. Uninstall it. If ITunes is installed on your machine, uninstall it. If you desire keep ITunes, remove the lower filter and set or create the upper filter to the value of "GEARAspiWDM" without the quotes. You need to add a return after the string. This is important. Please see Apple's article on the subject for more info. If after installing ITunes or Norton Ghost, you get Device Manager error code, try locating the Audio File System (AFS) driver from Oak Technologies at C:\Windows\System32\Drivers\afs.sys or doing a search for it. Rename it afs.sys.txt and reboot. This driver is incompatible with the driver found in ITunes and Norton Ghost. After renaming the driver file you will lose access to the CD burning feature of of the following: HP Memories Disc Creator, Liquid Audio Portal Player, Oak Technology SimpliCD, or Broderbund's Print Shop version 20. For more information, see the article here. The C:\Windows\INF\cdrom.inf file is the script Windows uses to reinstall it's CD/DVD drive drivers. When you uninstall an optical drive or IDE channel and rescan for hardware changes, Windows uses this script to recreate the registry settings and point the drive to the proper drivers. This file can become corrupt. You can replace the XP SP2 or SP3 file (they are identical) with this one or the Vista SP 1 version with this one. If one right clicks on any CD or DVD drive in Device manager and chooses Properties and then Driver tab, you will see five or so files listed. If any of these are corrupted, presumably they will give Device Manager errors. One can discover whether any is corrupt by opening a command prompt and typing the command "sfc /scannow" without the quotes. If one discovers a corrupt driver file with this method it may be difficult to find a method to find the uncorrupt file for an update as the SFC command may ask for, for instance a Windows XP SP3 install CD, a very rare bird indeed. There ay be other methods to provide the correct file but they are unclear to me at the moment.